Breast cancers can be classified on the basis of four schemes
Breast cancers can be classified on the basis of four schemes
Classification based on pathology
The cancer is classified according to its cellular structure and microanatomy. This is the commonest for of classification or typing the breast cancer.
lassification according to grade
The pathologist classifies the cancer according to grade. A ”well-differentiated” tumor for example is low grade and resembles normal tissue. A ”poorly differentiated” tumor is composed of disorganized cells and, therefore, does not look like normal tissue and is termed high grade. Some are ”moderately differentiated” or intermediate grade as well.
Classification based on stage of cancer
This is the most commonly use scheme of determining the stage of cancer and the TNM staging that takes into account the Tumor size, lymph Node involvement and Metastasis or spread of the cancer.
Protein & gene status
All breast cancers these days test for expression, or detectable effect, of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2/neu proteins. These tests utilize principles of ทางเข้า ufabet immunohistochemistry and once the status of these proteins. It known, prognosis can predicte. Certain novel therapies may be chosen for treatment.
Histological appearance
Breast cancer is usually, but not always, primarily classified by its histological appearance. Some of the histological types include:
Ductal Carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
This signifies a very early form of cancer that has not spread. DCIS is a type of early breast cancer inside of the ductal system that has not attacked the nearby tissue. It is one of the common types of non-invasive cancer
Infiltrating or invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC)
This is the most common type of breast cancer. It starts in the milk ducts and spreads to surrounding tissues. This can also spread to other parts of the body via lymph channels and blood stream.
Medullary carcinoma
This forms around 15% of all breast cancers. It affects middle aged women more commonly and the cellular histology resembles the medulla (gray matter) of the brain.
